Why TypeScript?
TypeScript adds static typing to JavaScript, catching errors at compile time rather than runtime. This leads to more maintainable code, better developer experience, and fewer bugs in production.
Essential Best Practices
Use Strict Mode
Enable strict mode in your tsconfig.json. It catches more errors and enforces better practices. Yes, it requires more effort upfront, but it pays dividends.
Type Everything Explicitly
While TypeScript can infer types, being explicit improves readability and documentation. Always type function parameters and return values.
Leverage Utility Types
TypeScript provides powerful utility types:
- Partial
: Makes all properties optional - Required
: Makes all properties required - Pick
- Omit
Use Type Guards
Create type guards to narrow types safely at runtime. This is essential for handling union types and unknown data.
Prefer Interfaces for Objects
Use interfaces for object shapes—they're more extensible and have better error messages. Use type aliases for unions, intersections, and primitives.
Use Generics Appropriately
Generics allow for reusable, type-safe code. Use them for functions, classes, and interfaces that work with multiple types.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- Using 'any' everywhere: Defeats the purpose of TypeScript
- Ignoring errors: Don't use @ts-ignore unless absolutely necessary
- Over-typing: Let inference work where appropriate
- Forgetting null checks: Enable strictNullChecks and handle null/undefined
Conclusion
TypeScript's benefits compound over time. The initial investment in proper typing pays off with fewer bugs, better refactoring, and more confident development.